What is inside a GPT model? I asked GPT-4 a few questions about its memory and algorithm. Here is the discussion.
Q1: Can we describe the ChatGPT algorithm as deep learning, backpropagation, attention mechanism based algorithm?
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Intelligent Cities / Smart Cities
This special issue of LAND, an open access journal, centers around the ongoing transformation of cities and planning in response to the concurrent digital and green transition. The digital (or smart) transition is a major driver of the current transformation of cities and refers to the application of smart systems, sensor networks, IoT, cloud computing, big data, and AI that change all urban ecosystems. The green transition is another important driver of urban transformation with a systemic impact.